減肥自然療法

丙酮酸鹽 (Pyruvate)：丙酮酸鹽為機(jī)體提供丙酮酸，丙酮酸是一種天然化合物，在機(jī)體產(chǎn)生和利用能量方面起著重要的作用。理論上講，攝入丙酮酸鹽可能增加機(jī)體的新陳代謝，特別是脂肪代謝?？?cè)藬?shù)接近150人的一些小規(guī)模研究發(fā)現(xiàn)丙酮酸鹽或者其類似物DHAP（磷酸二羥丙酮）有助于降低體重和改善機(jī)體成分組成。比如，一項(xiàng)歷時(shí)6周的雙盲試驗(yàn)中，51人被分為三組：丙酮酸鹽組（每天6g）、安慰劑組、未治療組。所有人均參加同一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)方案。6周后研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)：丙酮酸鹽組脂肪減少了2.6kg，體脂含量下降2.6%，肌肉組織明顯增多（1.5kg），而安慰劑組和未治療組沒有明顯的變化。另一項(xiàng)有趣的安慰劑對(duì)照研究評(píng)估了DHAP對(duì)于減肥后對(duì)增加熱量攝入的控制效果。3周時(shí)間里，70名嚴(yán)重超重的女性作為住院病人被嚴(yán)格控制飲食，3周后體重下降約3.8kg。之后她們被給予了高熱量飲食。同時(shí)，其中接近一半女性每天同時(shí)服用15g丙酮酸鹽和75g磷酸二羥丙酮，而另一半同時(shí)服用安慰劑。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過三周的增重飲食后，接受治療的成員只增胖了1.8kg，而安慰劑組則增加了2.7kg。這可能是因?yàn)楸猁}能夠特異性的阻斷脂肪積累的緣故。雖然所有的這些研究結(jié)果都很令人感興趣，但是我們還需要更大規(guī)模的研究來(lái)證實(shí)丙酮酸鹽確能夠降低體重。

膳食纖維 (Fiber)：膳食纖維對(duì)于多種腸道功能（比如消化和廢物排出）十分重要，并且有輕度的降脂效果。它也可能有助于減低體重，這有可能是因?yàn)槠淠軌蚴刮柑畛?，產(chǎn)生一種飽脹感，并且只提供很少或不提供熱量。另外一個(gè)可能的原因是纖維還可能干擾脂肪的吸收。纖維有兩種類型：可溶性纖維和不可溶性纖維?？扇苄岳w維富含于亞麻籽，蘋果和燕麥麩。其他大多數(shù)的植物類食品均含有不可溶性纖維。一些雙盲研究對(duì)纖維輔食降低體重方面進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。結(jié)果略有出入，但總體上表明某些種類的纖維可以輕度的促進(jìn)體重下降。在其中的一項(xiàng)雙盲研究中，97名輕度超重的女性被給予了嚴(yán)格的低熱量飲食11周，飲食中還包含了安慰劑或一種不可溶解纖維（每天三次，每次2.3g）。結(jié)果安慰劑組平均體重降低了3.1kg，而膳食纖維組降低了近5kg。與安慰劑組相比，膳食纖維組的成員較少出現(xiàn)饑餓感。在接下來(lái)的16周時(shí)間中，他們的飲食被改為高熱量飲食。正如預(yù)期，在此期間參加者體重有所回升。雖然如此，在第16周末時(shí)，膳食纖維組仍然比試驗(yàn)開始時(shí)平均輕了3.6kg，而安慰劑組只輕了2.7kg。注意：纖維輔食必須與水一同進(jìn)食，否則其可能阻塞消化道。即使合理的服用，也可能出現(xiàn)輕微的胃腸道副作用，比如脹氣、腹脹。

參考文獻(xiàn)

Stanko RT, Reynolds HR, Hoyson R, et al. Pyruvate supplementation of a low-cholesterol, low-fat diet: effects on plasma lipid concentrations and body composition in hyperlipidemic patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;59:423-427. Stanko RT, Tietze DL, Arch JE. Body composition, energy utilization, and nitrogen metabolism with a 4.25-MJ/d low-energy diet supplemented with pyruvate. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992;56:630-635. Stanko RT, Arch JE. Inhibition of regain in body weight and fat with addition of 3-carbon compounds to the diet with hyperenergetic refeeding after weight reduction. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1996;20:925-930. Stanko RT, Tietze DL, Arch JE. Body composition, energy utilization, and nitrogen metabolism with a severely restricted diet supplemented with dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992;55:771-772. Kalman D, Colker CM, Wilets I, et al. The effects of pyruvate supplementation on body composition in overweight individuals. Nutrition. 1999;15:337-340. Ryttig KR, Tellnes G, Haegh L, et al. A dietary fibre supplement and weight maintenance after weight reduction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled long-term trial. Int J Obes. 1989;13:165-171. Ceci F, Cangiano C, Cairella M, et al. The effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjects. J Neural Transm. 1989;76:109-117. Cangiano C, Ceci F, Cairella M, et al. Effects of 5-Hydroxytryptophan on eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1991;294:591-593. Cangiano C, Laviano A, Del Ben M, et al. Effects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998;22:648-654. Astrup A, Breum L, Toubro S, et al. The effect and safety of an ephedrine/caffeine compound compared to ephedrine, caffeine and placebo in obese subjects on an energy restricted diet. A double-blind trial. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1992;16:269-277. Molnar D, Torok K, Erhardt E, et al. Safety and efficacy of treatment with an ephedrine/caffeine mixture. The first double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study in adolescents. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24:1573-1578. Breum L, Pedersen JK, Aglstrom, et al. Comparison of an ephedrine/caffeine combination and dexfenfluramine in the treatment of obesity. A double-blind multi-centre trial in general practice. Int Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1994;18:99-103. Boozer CN, Nasser JA, Heymsfield SB, et al. An herbal supplement containing Ma Huang-Guarana for weight loss: a randomized, double-blind trial. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25:316-324. Norregaard J, Jorgensen S, Mikkelsen KL, et al. The effect of ephedrine plus caffeine on smoking cessation and postcessation weight gain. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996;60:679-686. Astrup A, Breum L, Toubro S. Pharmacological and clinical studies of ephedrine and other thermogenic agonists. Obes Res. 1995;3:537S-540S. Nagao T, Watanabe H, Goto N, et al. Dietary diacylglycerol suppresses accumulation of body fat compared to triacylglycerol in men in a double-blind controlled trial. J Nutr. 2000;130:792-797. Kalman D, Colker CM, Stark S, et al. Effect of pyruvate supplementation on body composition and mood. Curr Ther Res. 1998;59:793-802. Boozer CN, Daly PA, Homel P, et al. Herbal ephedra/caffeine for weight loss: a 6-month randomized safety and efficacy trial. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26:593-604. Pittler MH, Stevinson C, Ernst E. Chromium picolinate for reducing body weight: Meta-analysis of randomized trials. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003;27:522-529. Maki KC, Davidson MH, Tsushima R, et al. Consumption of diacylglycerol oil as part of a reduced-energy diet enhances loss of body weight and fat in comparison with consumption of a triacylglycerol control oil. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;76:1230-1236. Coffey CS, Steiner D, Baker BA, et al. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of a product containing ephedrine, caffeine, and other ingredients from herbal sources for treatment of overweight and obesity in the absence of lifestyle treatment. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004 Aug 31. [Epub ahead of print] Yasunaga K, Glinsmann WH, Seo Y, et al. Safety aspects regarding the consumption of high-dose dietary diacylglycerol oil in men and women in a double-blind controlled trial in comparison with consumption of a triacylglycerol control oil. Food Chem Toxicol. 2004;42:1419-1429. Li D, Xu T, Takase H, et al. Diacylglycerol-induced improvement of whole-body insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A long-term randomized, double-blind controlled study. Clin Nutr. 2008 Feb 29. 疾病引起的消瘦間歇性跛行

最后修改日期 : 2018-3-7

? 2024 以上資料由醫(yī)博士(DrMed)編輯。版權(quán)歸醫(yī)博士(DrMed)所有，未經(jīng)授權(quán)，不得轉(zhuǎn)載！

相關(guān)知識(shí)

減肥自然療法
自然減肥法
自然減肥方法
人體自然療法大全
自然療法
健康在于自然療法
自然減肥法有什么
自然減肥方法 自然的才是最好的
健康自然療法
自然療法什么意思

網(wǎng)址: 減肥自然療法(2) http://m.u1s5d6.cn/newsview511400.html