LIU Ru-gang, LI Jing-jing, WANG Jian. Self-rated health and its influencing factors among adult rural residents in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2016, 32(4): 488-492. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-04-20

Citation: LIU Ru-gang, LI Jing-jing, WANG Jian. Self-rated health and its influencing factors among adult rural residents in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2016, 32(4): 488-492. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-04-20

中國農(nóng)村居民健康影響因素分析

山東大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)實驗與公共政策研究中心社會醫(yī)學(xué)與衛(wèi)生事業(yè)管理學(xué)系, 濟(jì)南山東 250012

詳細(xì)信息

作者簡介:

劉汝剛(1988-),男,山東青島人,碩士,研究方向:衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)與衛(wèi)生政策。

通訊作者:

王健,E-mail:wangjiannan@sdu.edu.cn

中圖分類號: R195

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Self-rated health and its influencing factors among adult rural residents in China

Center for Health Economic Experiments and Public Health Policy, Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province 250012, China

摘要

摘要: 目的 分析中國農(nóng)村居民自評健康狀況及影響因素,為提高中國農(nóng)村居民健康水平提供參考依據(jù)。方法 于2011年1月-2012年4月應(yīng)用多階段隨機(jī)抽樣、概率與規(guī)模成比例抽樣方法在河南、河北、山東、黑龍江、江蘇、海南、寧夏省和北京市抽取10161名年齡≥18歲農(nóng)村居民進(jìn)行入戶調(diào)查,采用Kruskal-Wallis秩和檢驗、Spearman等級相關(guān)檢驗、多分類有序logistic回歸對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果 10161名年齡≥18歲農(nóng)村居民中,男性4116人(40.51%),女性6045人(59.49%);平均年齡47.08歲;學(xué)歷中小學(xué)及以下4654人(45.81%),初中4249人(41.82%),高中及以上1258人(12.37%);務(wù)農(nóng)7594人(74.74%),其他職業(yè)2567人(25.26%);71.47%(7262/10161)的農(nóng)村居民自評健康狀況非常好/較好,仍有28.53%(2899/10161)的居民對自身健康狀況不十分滿意;多因素分析顯示,農(nóng)村居民隨著年齡增大自評健康水平逐漸下降(P<0.01);隨著受教育水平升高自評健康水平升高(P<0.01);農(nóng)民、打工者和個體工商業(yè)者的健康水平明顯低于固定工作者(P<0.05);河北、海南、寧夏、北京的農(nóng)村居民健康水平低于河南省,而山東、黑龍江、江蘇相對較高(P<0.05);患有慢病者較無慢病者自評健康水平高(P<0.01);無醫(yī)療保險者健康水平高于有醫(yī)療保險者(P<0.01);貧困戶健康水平低于普通人群(P<0.01);自評經(jīng)濟(jì)地位越高,自評健康水平越高(P<0.01);越容易向周圍人借到5000元錢者自評健康水平越高(P<0.01);隨著家庭醫(yī)療支出的升高,自評健康水平下降(P<0.01)。結(jié)論 中國農(nóng)村居民自評健康與年齡和家庭醫(yī)療支出水平負(fù)相關(guān),與受教育水平、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)地位和向周圍人借款5000元的難易程度正相關(guān),患慢病人群、貧困戶、有醫(yī)療保險者、農(nóng)民、打工者和個體工商業(yè)者的自評健康水平較低,地區(qū)間自評健康水平也存在差異。

Abstract: Objective To analyze self-rated health and its influencing factors among rural residents in China and to provide a scientific basis for improving health status of Chinese rural population.Methods A household questionnaire interview was conducted among 10161 rural residents aged 18 years and above selected with multistage random sampling and probability proportional to size sampling from 48 villages of 15 counties in 6 provinces, one autonomous region and one municipality from January 2011 through April 2012.Kruskal-Wallis rank test, Spearman rank correlation and ordered logistic multivariate regression were used to analyze the data collected on self-rated health and its related factors.Results Of the residents surveyed, 4116(40.51%) were male and 6045(59.49%) were female, with an average age of 47.08 years; 4654(45.81%), 4249(41.82%), and 1258(12.37%) had the education of primary school or below, middle school, and high school or above;7594(74.74%) were engaged in agriculture work and 2567(25.26%) in other occupations.Among the residents, 71.47%(7262) reported very good/good health status, while 28.53%(2899) considered their health status being not good enough.The results of ordered logistic multivariate regression demonstrated that self-rated health level declined with the increment of age and familial medical expenditure(both P<0.01), but increased with education level and self-reported familial economic condition(both P<0.01);the residents with stable employment reported a significantly higher health status than the residents being farmer, temporary worker, and individual industrialist or businessman(P<0.05);the residents in Henan province reported a higher health status than those in Hebei province, Hainan province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Beijing municipality but a lower health status than those in Shandong, Heilongjiang, and Jiangsu province (P<0.05 for all);compared to those with chronic diseases and low familial economic condition, the residents with medical security and general familial economic condition had a better self-rated health(both P<0.01);the residents with the perspective of being easy to borrow 5000 yuan RMB from their neighbors reported a better health than those without the perspective(P<0.01).Conclusion Self-rated health is negatively related to age and familial medical expenditure and positively to education, social economic condition, and the easiness to borrow 5000 yuan RMB from neighbors, and there is a regional difference in self-rated health among rural adult residents in China;the residents with chronic diseases, poor familial economic condition, medical insurance and being a farmer, temporary worker or individual industrialist or businessman have a lower self-rated health.

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參考文獻(xiàn)(11)

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