摘要： 了解揚(yáng)州地區(qū)學(xué)齡前兒童不健康的飲食模式及飲食行為的現(xiàn)狀,探討其對(duì)體型的影響。方法 于2015年4-5月采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查方法收集揚(yáng)州市7所托幼機(jī)構(gòu)2 531名在園兒童家庭基本信息及兒童最近一周的飲食情況,包括飲食行為及飲食習(xí)慣。結(jié)果 學(xué)齡前兒童不健康的飲食模式發(fā)生率為7.8%,不健康的飲食行為中挑食的發(fā)生率最高,為25.2%(637/2 531),男童高于女童(27.5% vs. 22.5%,P<0.05),其次為進(jìn)餐速度快,為18.8%(477/2 531),男童高于女童(20.9% vs.16.5%,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn),飲食偏咸(OR=2.05,95%CI:1.26~3.34)、偏油膩(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.22~3.16)食物是兒童肥胖的危險(xiǎn)因素(P<0.05),進(jìn)餐速度慢是保護(hù)性因素(OR=0.31,95%CI:0.23~0.42,P<0.001),不同的飲食模式對(duì)學(xué)齡前兒童體重的影響差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 揚(yáng)州市學(xué)齡前不健康的飲食模式及飲食行為發(fā)生率較高,且不健康的飲食行為與肥胖相關(guān),應(yīng)采取措施如改變家庭不良的飲食行為等,從而降低兒童肥胖的發(fā)生。

關(guān)鍵詞: 學(xué)齡前兒童, 超重肥胖, 體重指數(shù), 飲食習(xí)慣, 飲食行為

Abstract: Objective To analyze the rate of unhealthy dietary patterns and eating behavior in preschool children in Yangzhou,and to explore the effect on children′s body mass index(BMI). Methods Totally 2 531 preschool children from 7 nurseries in Yangzhou were enrolled in this study from April to May, 2015,and were assessed by questionnaire survey to collect basic information,dietary patterns and eating behaviors of children over the past week. Results The rate of unhealthy dietary patterns was 7.8%,and the rate of picky eating was the highest (25.2%,637/2 531) among unhealthy eating behaviors,followed by fast eating (18.8%,477/2 531).Moreover,the rates of picky eating and fast eating in boys were significantly higher than those in girls(picky eating:27.5% vs. 22.5%,fast eating:20.9% vs. 16.5%,P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that preference to salty food(OR=2.05,95%CI:1.26—3.34) and greasy food(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.22—3.16) were risk factors and slow eating(OR=0.31,95%CI:0.23—0.42) was a protective factor for childhood obesity(P＜0.001). However,there was no significant difference on the body weight in preschool children with different dietary patterns(P＞0.05). Conclusions Unhealthy eating behaviors and dietary patterns are prevalent among preschool children in Yangzhou,and unhealthy eating behaviors are related to children′s obesity. So it is suggested to take comprehensive intervention measures,such as controlling family′s unhealthy eating behavior,so as to reduce childhood overweight and obesity.

Key words: preschoolchildren, overweightandobesity, bodymassindex, eatinghabit, eatingbehavior

中圖分類號(hào): 

R153.2

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