楓香樹Liquidambar formosana Hance

別名：雞爪楓;百日柴;百日材;紅楓;洋樟木;雞楓樹;楓樹果;九空子;九孔子;鵝足板;邊柴;白香膠樹;路路通;楓香;楓香果;楓仔樹;楓子樹;鬼谷子狼眼;鬼見愁;阿丁楓;楓樹;楓木;嗎草;米蔞;兩頭紅;黑飯木;浮溪楓香;楓仔;楓梢木;風香樹;風飯仔;味厚;白膠香;大葉楓;香楓;攝攝;三角蘭;三角楓;漆樹;烏米木;

科名：金縷梅科 Hamamelidaceae

屬名：楓香樹屬 Liquidambar

《中國植物志》第35(2)卷055頁
  1. 楓香樹（南方草木狀）
  Liquidambar formosana Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 5, 5: 215, 1866; in Journ. Bot. 5: 110, 1867; 8: 274, 1870; Oliver in Hook. f. Ic. Pl. 11: 14, t. 1020; Guillaumin in Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine, 2: 712, 1920. Liquidambar acerifolia Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 10: 386, 1866. Liquidambar sp. Hemsl. in Journ. Bot. 14: 207, 1876. Liquidambar maximowiczii Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd. -Bat. 3: 290, 1877. Liquidambar tonkinensis Cheval. in Bull. Econ. Indo-Chine, 20: 839, 1918.
  落葉喬木，高達30米，胸徑最大可達1米，樹皮灰褐色，方塊狀剝落；小枝干后灰色，被柔毛，略有皮孔；芽體卵形，長約1厘米，略被微毛，鱗狀苞片敷有樹脂，干后棕黑色，有光澤。葉薄革質，闊卵形，掌狀3裂，中央裂片較長，先端尾狀漸尖；兩側裂片平展；基部心形；上面綠色，干后灰綠色，不發(fā)亮；下面有短柔毛，或變禿凈僅在脈腋間有毛；掌狀脈3-5條，在上下兩面均顯著，網(wǎng)脈明顯可見；邊緣有鋸齒，齒尖有腺狀突；葉柄長達11厘米，常有短柔毛；托葉線形，游離，或略與葉柄連生，長1-1.4厘米，紅褐色，被毛，早落。雄性短穗狀花序常多個排成總狀，雄蕊多數(shù)，花絲不等長，花藥比花絲略短。雌性頭狀花序有花24-43朵，花序柄長3-6厘米，偶有皮孔，無腺體；萼齒4-7個，針形，長4-8毫米，子房下半部藏在頭狀花序軸內，上半部游離，有柔毛，花柱長6-10毫米，先端常卷曲。頭狀果序圓球形，木質，直徑3-4厘米；蒴果下半部藏于花序軸內，有宿存花柱及針刺狀萼齒。種子多數(shù)，褐色，多角形或有窄翅。
  產我國秦嶺及淮河以南各省，北起河南、山東，東至臺灣，西至四川、云南及西藏，南至廣東；亦見于越南北部，老撾及朝鮮南部。性喜陽光，多生于平地，村落附近，及低山的次生林。在海南島常組成次生林的優(yōu)勢種，性耐火燒，萌生力極強。
  樹脂供藥用，能解毒止痛，止血生??；根、葉及果實亦入藥，有祛風除濕，通絡活血功效。木材稍堅硬，可制家具及貴重商品的裝箱。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Liquidambar formosana  Hance
楓香樹   feng xiang shu
Liquidambar acerifolia Maximowicz; L. formosana var. monticola Rehder & E. H. Wilson; L. maximowiczii Miquel; L. tonkinensis A. Chevalier.
Trees to 30 m tall, trunk sometimes 1 m in diam.; bark gray-brown; branchlets pubescent or glabrous, somewhat lenticellate; buds ovoid, 1 cm, puberulent. Stipules red, nearly free or adnate to petiole, 1–1.4 cm; petiole 8–12 cm, pubescent; leaf blade broadly ovate, palmately 3-lobed and 3-veined, central lobe longer, abaxially usually drying gray-white, pubescent or glabrous, base rounded, margin glandular serrate, apex caudate-acuminate, cordate, subcordate or truncate, veins prominent on both surfaces. Male inflorescence a short spike, several arranged in a raceme. Female inflorescence 24–43-flowered; peduncle 3–6 cm, occasionally lenticellate, eglandular. Male flowers: stamens many, filaments unequal, anthers slightly shorter than filaments. Female flowers: staminode teeth 4–7, needlelike, 4–8 mm; ovary pubescent, styles 6–10 mm, usually coiled backwards. Infructescence globose, 3–4 cm wide. Capsules with persistent staminodes. Seeds many, brown. Fl. Mar–Jun, fr. Jul–Sep.
Sunny places, near villages, montane forests; 500--800 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [S Korea, Laos, N Vietnam]. Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [S Korea, Laos, N Vietnam].

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