摘要: 代謝綜合征是一組以肥胖、血脂異常、高血壓、高尿酸血癥、高血糖以及胰島素抵抗等為主要特征的臨床綜合征，是心血管疾病和糖尿病的重要危險(xiǎn)因素。研究表明，左旋肉堿，即L-肉堿，對(duì)代謝綜合征具有潛在改善作用。本文對(duì)人體L-肉堿的來(lái)源及L-肉堿改善代謝綜合征主要組分，如肥胖、血脂異常等的作用及機(jī)制進(jìn)行綜述，并討論了L-肉堿作為氧化三甲胺前體物質(zhì)的潛在健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題，為代謝綜合征的防治及L-肉堿的合理攝食補(bǔ)充及應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)及參考。

Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a group of clinical syndromes, including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. These syndromes are critical risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Recent studies indicate that L-carnitine exhibits potential improvement effects on metabolic syndrome. In the current study, the sources of L-carnitine for human and the effects and mechanisms of L-carnitine on the major components of metabolic syndrome, such as obesity and dyslipidemia, etc were summarized. The potential health risk of L-carnitine by serving as a dietary precursor for trimethylamine N-oxide was also discussed. This study provides theoretical basis and references for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and the rational dietary supplement and utilization of L-carnitine.

圖  1   L-肉堿化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)圖

Figure  1.   Chemical structure of L-carnitine

圖  2   內(nèi)源性L-肉堿合成途徑

Figure  2.   Endogenous L-carnitine synthesis pathway

圖  3   L-肉堿改善肥胖的潛在機(jī)制

Figure  3.   Potential mechanisms of L-carnitine on improving obesity

圖  4   L-肉堿腸道代謝途徑

Figure  4.   Intestinal metabolic pathway of L-carnitine

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