摘要： 背景 老齡化背景下，失能老人照護(hù)需求不容忽視。全面了解失能老人照護(hù)與支持需求可為政府決策部門合理制定照護(hù)方案提供參考依據(jù)。 目的 系統(tǒng)評價失能老人照護(hù)與支持需求相關(guān)的質(zhì)性研究。 方法 于2022-12-03—2023-02-26系統(tǒng)檢索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中國知網(wǎng)、萬方數(shù)據(jù)知識服務(wù)平臺、中國生物醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)服務(wù)系統(tǒng)從建庫至2023-02-26相關(guān)的質(zhì)性研究。采用澳大利亞JBI循證衛(wèi)生保健中心質(zhì)性研究質(zhì)量評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)質(zhì)量評價，通過匯集性整合方法對原始質(zhì)性研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行歸納整合。 結(jié)果 本研究共納入33篇質(zhì)性研究，提煉出7個主題，共18個類別：日常生活相關(guān)需求（基礎(chǔ)性日常生活活動、家務(wù)活動、照護(hù)特征），功能獨立性需求（身體功能獨立、自主決策獨立），衛(wèi)生保健相關(guān)需求（衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)內(nèi)容、衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)體驗、衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)需求表達(dá)），環(huán)境支持需求（客觀環(huán)境支持、政策支持），正性情緒支持需求（情感慰藉、精神關(guān)懷），社會支持需求（社區(qū)支持性服務(wù)、活動參與、人際鏈接、信息鏈接），衛(wèi)生技術(shù)相關(guān)需求（照護(hù)輔助設(shè)備、技術(shù)服務(wù)）。 結(jié)論 失能老人照護(hù)與支持需求復(fù)雜且多樣。政府需要整合"家庭-社區(qū)-機構(gòu)"資源以應(yīng)對失能老人"身-心-社-醫(yī)-環(huán)境"需求，從群體角度關(guān)注失能老人照護(hù)資源的分配公平，給予失能老人更多的社會福利。

關(guān)鍵詞: 老年人保健服務(wù), 失能老人, 照護(hù)需求, 質(zhì)性研究, 系統(tǒng)評價

Abstract:

Background

In the context of population aging, the care needs of the disabled elderly cannot be ignored. A comprehensive understanding of the care and support needs of the elderly with disabilities can provide basis for government policymakers in the development of rational care strategies.

Objective

To systematically review qualitative studies on the care and support needs of the disabled elderly.

Methods

In this study, a systematic search of Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and CBM for relevant qualitative studies was conducted from inception to February 26, 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies was performed to evaluate the quality of included qualitative studies. The results of the original qualitative studies were synthesized through a pooled integration approach.

Results

A total of 33 qualitative studies were finally included, and 7 themes with 18 categories were distilled, including daily activities-related needs (basic activities of daily living, household activities, and caregiving characteristics) , functional independence-related needs (independence in physical functioning, independence in autonomous decision-making) , health care-related needs (content of health care services, health care service experience, expression of needs for health care services) , contextual support-related needs (objective environmental support, policy support) , positive emotional support-related needs (psychological comfort, spiritual care) , social support-related needs (community support services, social engagement, relationship connection, information linkage) , health technology-related needs (care auxiliary equipment, technical services) .

Conclusion

The care and support needs of the disabled elderly are both complex and diverse. To meet the physical, psychological, social, healthy and environmental needs of the disabled elderly, it is essential for the government to integrate resources from family, community and institutions. Furthermore, attention should be given to the equitable of care resources from a group perspective, and additional social welfare should be provided to support the disabled elderly.

Key words: Health services for the aged, Disabled elderly, Care needs, Qualitative research, Systematic review

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