摘要

為了研究長(zhǎng)期高溫暴露與大腦結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系，以及這種關(guān)系如何影響心理健康，我們?cè)?41552 名英國(guó)生物庫(kù)參與者樣本中開(kāi)展了橫斷面和前瞻性隊(duì)列研究。我們根據(jù)每位參與者的居住史和網(wǎng)格化溫度再分析數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)其進(jìn)行了慢性溫度暴露評(píng)估，并將其定義為過(guò)去20年中最高溫度超過(guò)27 °C的天數(shù)百分比。研究采用了廣義加法模型和差分法來(lái)估算長(zhǎng)期高溫暴露與通過(guò)腦磁共振成像獲得的神經(jīng)影像結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系。我們還進(jìn)行了中介分析，以評(píng)估神經(jīng)影像變化是否介導(dǎo)了長(zhǎng)期高溫暴露與行為能力下降之間的關(guān)系。我們觀察到，長(zhǎng)期高溫暴露與廣泛的腦容量減少有關(guān)，包括全球灰質(zhì)容量（-5859.32 mm3，95% CI -6631.82 to -5086.83）、白質(zhì)容量（-5482.47 mm3，95% CI -6192.92 to -4772.03）、區(qū)域灰質(zhì)容量（尤其是小腦和腦干）和皮層下結(jié)構(gòu)容量（尤其是凹凸體、海馬和丘腦）。此外，這種關(guān)聯(lián)還介導(dǎo)抑郁和認(rèn)知能力下降。長(zhǎng)期暴露于高溫也會(huì)加劇與年齡有關(guān)的腦萎縮。此外，還觀察到白質(zhì)束的變化。總之，我們的研究提供了多模態(tài)磁共振成像證據(jù)，證明長(zhǎng)期暴露于高溫對(duì)大腦結(jié)構(gòu)和心理健康的不利影響。

本文章由計(jì)算機(jī)程序翻譯，如有差異，請(qǐng)以英文原文為準(zhǔn)。

Chronic high temperature exposure, brain structure, and mental health: Cross-sectional and prospective studies

To investigate the association between chronic high temperature exposure and brain structure and how the association influences mental health, we conducted cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies within a sample of 41,552 UK Biobank participants. Chronic temperature exposure was assessed for each participant based on their residential histories and gridded reanalysis temperature data and defined as the percentage of days with a maximum temperature exceeding 27 °C over the last 20 years. Generalized additive models and difference-in-differences approaches were used to estimate the association between chronic high temperature exposure and neuroimaging outcomes obtained via brain MRI. Mediation analysis was performed to assess whether neuroimaging changes mediated the relationship between chronic high temperature exposure and behavioral decline. We observed chronic high temperature exposure was associated with widespread reduced brain volume, including global grey volume (?5859.32 mm3, 95% CI -6631.82 to ?5086.83), white matter volume (?5482.47 mm3, 95% CI -6192.92 to ?4772.03), regional grey matter volumes (especially in the cerebellum and brainstem), and subcortical structure volumes (especially in the accumbens, hippocampus, and thalamus). Furthermore, the association mediated depression and declined cognition. Chronic high temperature exposure also enhances age-related brain atrophy. Alterations in white matter tracts were also observed. In conclusion, our study provides multimodal MRI evidence of the adverse effects of chronic high temperature exposure on brain structure and mental health.

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