Preparation and Properties of Chitin Nanofibers/Polylactic Acid Composite

Author:

Jingjing Li1, Jingfeng Zhao1, Jingrong Sun1, Dagang Li2

1. College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; 2. College of Materials Science and Engineering，Nanjing Forestry University，Nanjing 210037, China
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摘要:

利用甲殼素納米纖維（CHNFs）對聚乳酸（PLA）進行增強改性，分別采用濕混法和聚乙二醇（PEG）分散劑法制備了擠出成型的CHNFs/PLA復合材料，并對復合材料的力學性能、熱性能及微觀形貌進行表征。結果表明，制備的α-甲殼素納米纖維直徑小于100 nm，長度為幾百微米，具有三維網狀結構；濕混法和PEG分散劑法對制備的CHNFs/PLA復合材料都有較好的增強作用，當CHNFs的添加量高于30%時，濕混法制備的復合材料的力學性能明顯優(yōu)于PEG分散劑法制備的復合材料；對復合材料的掃描電鏡圖分析表明，濕混法制備的復合材料中有大量的網狀細絲均勻致密地分散在PLA的斷面，達到了對CHNFs預期的分散效果，而PEG分散劑法制備的復合材料中，CHNFs以短小纖維的聚集體形態(tài)分布于復合材料的斷面，說明聚乙二醇對于CHNFs與PLA體系是良好的界面相容劑，但是該方法降低了CHNFs的長徑比。因此濕混法是一種更有效的纖維預處理方式。

Abstract:

Chitin nanofibers (CHNFs) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites were prepared by the wet blending method and the polyethylene glycol(PEG) dispersion agent method. The properties of mechanical, thermal and microscopic for CHNFs/PLA composites were investigated. The results demonstrate that the diameter of obtained α-chitin nanofibers is less than 100 nm and the length is about several hundreds of micrometer with three-dimensional network structure. An ideal reinforcing effect can be achieved for CHNFs/PLA samples prepared by these two methods. When the content of CHNFs is higher than 30%, the mechanical performance of the composite prepared by the wet blending method is better than that of the composite prepared by the PEG method. From the FE-SEM images, it is found that a large number of fibers are distributed on the fracture surface of PLA uniformly and compactly for the samples prepared by the wet blending method. For the samples prepared by the PEG method, some short fiber clusters are entangled with PLA matrix with no obvious phase separation between CHNFs and PLA. This observation reveals that PEG is a good interfacial compatibilizer for CHNFs and PLA. However, the reinforcing effect is weaken due to decrement of the CHNFs aspect ratio for the PEG method, and the wet blending method is an effective pretreatment method for nanofibers．

李晶晶, 趙涇峰, 孫景榮, 李大綱.甲殼素納米纖維/聚乳酸復合材料的制備及性能[J].高分子材料科學與工程,2017,33(3):161-167.

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