首頁(yè) 資訊最新調(diào)查：大多數(shù)美國(guó)人不想靠注射GLP

最新調(diào)查：大多數(shù)美國(guó)人不想靠注射GLP

來源：泰然健康網(wǎng) 時(shí)間：2024年12月07日 18:35

胰高血糖素樣肽-1（GLP-1）激動(dòng)劑藥物似乎無處不在。最近幾年，這類用于減肥和治療2型糖尿病的藥物，不僅變得家喻戶曉，而且似乎人人都離不開它。供應(yīng)短缺的新聞?wù)紦?jù)了媒體頭條，到處都是單調(diào)的商業(yè)廣告。GLP-1甚至顛覆了食品、服裝和減肥行業(yè)。

但一項(xiàng)最新調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管注射用GLP-1藥物常被用于治療肥胖癥，如Wegovy（司美格魯肽）、Zepbound（替爾泊肽）和善纖達(dá)（Saxenda）（利拉魯肽）等，但大多數(shù)美國(guó)人并不愿意使用這些藥物。

非營(yíng)利組織負(fù)責(zé)任藥物醫(yī)師委員會(huì)（Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine，PCRM）與商業(yè)情報(bào)公司晨間顧問（Morning Consult）合作，調(diào)查了2,200多名美國(guó)成年人對(duì)減肥方法的看法。調(diào)查在9月份進(jìn)行，調(diào)查結(jié)果于10月8日發(fā)布。

受訪者被要求對(duì)下面這句話的認(rèn)同程度進(jìn)行評(píng)分：“如果我想減肥，我會(huì)選擇注射減肥藥，而不是改變飲食。”超過一半（62%）的受訪者不認(rèn)同這種說法，有14%的受訪者表示，這種說法不適用，因?yàn)樗麄儾恍枰獪p肥。近四分之三（73%）的適用受訪者不認(rèn)同這種說法。

在有意減肥的受訪者中，不認(rèn)同這種說法最強(qiáng)烈的群體分別是：

? 男性：75%

? 嬰兒潮一代：78%

? 亞裔或“其他”：77%

? 研究生學(xué)位持有者：79%

? 家庭收入超過10萬美元：78%

? 城市居民：75%

? 東北部地區(qū)居民：77%

? 登記選民：73%

? 獨(dú)立選民：74%

負(fù)責(zé)任藥物醫(yī)師委員會(huì)主席尼爾·巴納德博士在關(guān)于這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的新聞稿中表示：“最新調(diào)查結(jié)果并不意味著美國(guó)人不想減肥。相反，大多數(shù)人更傾向于通過改變飲食習(xí)慣來減肥，而不是注射藥物?！?/p>

雖然調(diào)查結(jié)果反映了公眾輿論，但這個(gè)問題并沒有體現(xiàn)出健康減肥的細(xì)微差別。雖然“熱量赤字”是減肥的關(guān)鍵，但它終究只是整個(gè)拼圖的一部分而已?；颉⑺摺毫?、激素、體育活動(dòng)和某些藥物都會(huì)影響體重管理。個(gè)人病史也會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。此外，雖然GLP-1被批準(zhǔn)用于治療肥胖癥，但它適用于通過其他方式減肥存在困難的患者，而且應(yīng)該結(jié)合飲食和體育鍛煉使用。

舊金山加州太平洋醫(yī)療中心（California Pacific Medical Center）器官移植科肥胖藥物與代謝健康項(xiàng)目醫(yī)學(xué)主任妮莎·帕特爾博士正在努力推翻一種錯(cuò)誤觀念，即服用減肥藥是一種輕松的解決方法。

帕特爾之前曾對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示：“人們忘了，有一些強(qiáng)大的神經(jīng)激素因素在起作用，這不僅使減肥變得困難，還使得長(zhǎng)期保持體重更加困難。服用藥物確實(shí)有助于維持平衡。它可以幫助阻斷一些干擾性信號(hào)。”

盡管如此，使用GLP-1藥物的依從性是個(gè)問題。8月份的《管理式護(hù)理與專業(yè)藥學(xué)雜志》（Managed Care and Specialty Pharmacy）發(fā)表的一篇研究簡(jiǎn)報(bào)顯示，只有三分之一（32%）的患者在一年后仍能堅(jiān)持用藥。按預(yù)期方式使用藥物的患者比例更低（27%）。

植物性飲食對(duì)希望減肥的人很有吸引力

負(fù)責(zé)任藥物醫(yī)師委員會(huì)還調(diào)查了人們對(duì)下面這種說法的認(rèn)同程度：“如果一種植物性飲食可能有明顯的減肥效果，我會(huì)有興趣至少進(jìn)行短期嘗試?！背^一半（57%）的受訪者認(rèn)同這種說法，有17%的受訪者表示他們不需要減肥。在希望減肥的受訪者中，超過五分之三（68%）的受訪者認(rèn)同這種說法。

在有意減肥的受訪者中，認(rèn)同這種說法最強(qiáng)烈的群體分別是：

? 女性：70%

? Z世代：81%

? 亞裔或“其他”：76%

? 大學(xué)和研究生學(xué)位持有者（比例相同）：69%

? 家庭收入超過10萬美元：70%

? 城市居民：75%

? 東北部地區(qū)居民：70%

? 登記選民：69%

? 民主黨人：76%

（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

GLP-1s, or glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist drugs, are seemingly everywhere. In recent years, this class of weight-loss and Type 2 diabetes medication has become not only a household name but inescapable. Shortages have dominated news headlines, and singsong commercials have taken over airwaves. GLP-1s have gone so far as to disrupt the food, clothing, and, of course, weight-loss industries.

Yet despite the ubiquitousness of injectable drugs indicated for people with obesity—such as Wegovy (semaglutide), Zepbound (tirzepatide), and Saxenda (liraglutide)—most Americans wouldn’t take them, according to a new survey.

The nonprofit Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine teamed up with business intelligence firm Morning Consult to survey more than 2,200 U.S. adults about weight-loss methods. Results of the poll, conducted in September, were released Oct. 8.

People were asked to rate their level of agreement with this statement: “If I wanted to lose weight, I would rather take an injectable weight-loss drug, rather than make a diet change.” More than half (62%) disagreed, with 14% reporting the statement didn’t apply to them because they don’t need to lose weight. Nearly three-fourths (73%) of applicable respondents disagreed.

Among people who were interested in weight loss, these groups most strongly disagreed:

? Men: 75%

? Baby boomers: 78%

? Asian or “other”: 77%

? Postgraduate-degree holders: 79%

? Household income exceeds $100K: 78%

? Urban dwellers: 75%

? Northeasterners: 77%

? Registered voters: 73%

? Independent voters: 74%

“The new findings do not mean that Americans do not want to lose weight,” PCRM president Dr. Neal Barnard said in a news release about the survey. “Rather, most would prefer to change their eating habits than inject a medication.”

While the results offer a snapshot of public opinion, the question doesn’t capture the nuances of healthy weight loss. A calorie deficit is a critical component of weight loss but ultimately just one piece of the puzzle. Genes, sleep, stress, hormones, physical activity, and certain medications can impact weight management. Your medical history also plays a role. What’s more, GLP-1s approved for people with obesity are intended for patients who’ve had difficulty losing weight by other means, and designed to be taken in conjunction with diet and exercise.

Dr. Nisha Patel, medical director of the Obesity Medicine and Metabolic Health Program within the transplant department at California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco, is working to dispel the myth that taking weight-loss medication is the easy way out.

“People forget that there are some strong neurohormonal factors at play that make it difficult to not only lose weight, but to keep that weight off in the long term,” Patel previously told Fortune. “Medications have really helped level the playing field. It can help interrupt some of that disruptive signaling.”

That said, GLP-1 adherence is an issue. According to a research brief published in the August issue of the Journal of Managed Care and Specialty Pharmacy, roughly one in three (32%) patients were still on their medication after a year. Fewer than that (27%) took the drug as intended.

Plant-based diet appeals to weight-loss hopefuls

The PCRM survey also asked people how much they agreed with this statement: “If a plant-based diet might cause significant weight loss, I would be interested in trying it, at least briefly.” More than half (57%) of all respondents agreed, with 17% saying they didn’t need to lose weight. More than three in five (68%) respondents looking to lose weight agreed.

Among people who were interested in weight loss, these groups most strongly agreed:

? Women: 70%

? Gen Zers: 81%

? Asian or “other”: 76%

? College and postgraduate-degree holders (tie): 69%

? Household income exceeds $100K: 70%

? Urban dwellers: 75%

? Northeasterners: 70%

? Registered voters: 69%

? Democrats: 76%

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