摘要: 【目的】明確檸檬酵素對(duì)小鼠降脂減肥作用及免疫功能的影響，為探究檸檬酵素用于治療肥胖引起的高血壓、糖尿病和心血管疾病提供理論依據(jù)?！痉椒ā恳許PF級(jí)雄性C57BL/6J小鼠為研究對(duì)象，通過飼喂H10301型60%高脂高糖飼料35 d構(gòu)建肥胖模型，然后以低劑量（310.0 mg/kg）、中劑量（620.0 mg/kg）、高劑量（1240.0 mg/kg）檸檬酵素及奧利司他（陽性對(duì)照，15.6 mg/kg）分別經(jīng)口灌胃肥胖小鼠，持續(xù)給藥42 d，空白對(duì)照組小鼠飼喂普通飼料及灌胃等體積的生理鹽水。給藥期間記錄動(dòng)物體重及攝食量；給藥結(jié)束后計(jì)算小鼠的Lee’ s指數(shù)、臟器指數(shù)及脂體比，測(cè)定各處理組小鼠的血脂水平［總甘油三酯（TG）、總膽固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白膽固醇（LDL-C）］及葡萄糖耐量，制作組織切片觀察肝臟脂質(zhì)沉積情況和病理變化，并通過流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)小鼠脾臟淋巴細(xì)胞各亞群比例?！窘Y(jié)果】經(jīng)檸檬酵素處理后可有效降低肥胖小鼠的體重、Lee’ s指數(shù)和脂體比，其中以檸檬酵素高劑量組的效果最佳，表現(xiàn)為小鼠的體重和Lee’ s指數(shù)極顯著低于肥胖模型組小鼠（P<0.01，下同），脂體比顯著低于肥胖模型組小鼠（P<0.05，下同），但對(duì)小鼠的攝食量無顯著影響（P>0.05，下同）。灌胃檸檬酵素后，肥胖小鼠的肝臟指數(shù)明顯下降，而脾臟、心臟和腎臟的臟器指數(shù)均無顯著差異；血清中的TC、TG和LDL-C水平較肥胖模型組小鼠呈不同程度的下降趨勢(shì)，HDL-C水平則極顯著升高；檸檬酵素可改善肥胖小鼠肝臟中脂質(zhì)聚積的情況，其葡萄糖耐受能力也得到明顯改善。此外，檸檬酵素能促進(jìn)肥胖小鼠脾臟中CD4+比例升高，同時(shí)降低CD8+比例，且具有一定的濃度依賴性，在高劑量檸檬酵素作用下CD4+/CD8+比值由肥胖模型組小鼠的1.49±0.11上升至3.20±0.42； CD4+Foxp3+在檸檬酵素介入后顯著降低?！窘Y(jié)論】檸檬酵素對(duì)高脂飼料誘導(dǎo)肥胖小鼠具有較強(qiáng)的減肥效果，還能改善肥胖小鼠免疫狀態(tài)較差的現(xiàn)象，因此檸檬酵素可作為減肥保健食品在慢性疾病輔助治療中推廣應(yīng)用。

Abstract: 【Objective】To illustrate the effect of lemon enzyme on reducing fat,weight loss and immune function in mice,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of hypertension,diabetes and cardiovascular diseases caused by obesity by lemon enzyme.【Method】C57BL/6J mice of SPF grade were fed H10301, a 60% high-fat and high sugar diet for 35 days to establish the obesity model. Then,the mice of the fat model group were gavaged with either a low concentration(310.0 mg/kg),medium concentration(620.0 mg/kg) or high concentration(1240.0 mg/kg) of citrin for 42 days. Orlistat(15.6 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. The mice of the control group were fed with normal diet and normal saline of the same volume. The body weight and food intake were recorded during administration. After administration, the Lee's index,organ index and lipid body ratio were calculatedand the blood lipid levels [total triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and glucose tolerance of mice in each treatment group were measured. Tissue sections were prepared to observe the changes in liver lipid deposition and pathological structure and the proportion of lymphocyte subsets in the mouse spleen were detected by flow cytometry.【Result】Fat model groups receiving a lemon enzyme treatmenthad significantly lowered body weight, Lee's index and fat body ratio,of which the treatment with the high concentration of lemon enzyme produced the best improvements:relative to the control group,the body weight and Lee's index of mice were notably and significantly lower (P<0.01,the same below) and the fat body ratio was significantly lower(P<0.05,the same below),with no significant effect on mice food intake(P>0.05,the same below). After intragastric administration of lemon enzyme,the liver index of obese mice decreased significantly,but there was no significant difference in the organ indices of spleen,heart orkidney. The levels of serum TC,TG and LDL-C were decreased in varying degrees compared with the control group,while the level of serum HDL-C increased significantly. Lemon enzyme reduced lipid accumulation in the liver of obese mice, with an improved glucose tolerance. In addition,lemon enzyme increased the proportion of CD4+ in the spleen of obese mice and reduced the proportion of CD8+. After treatment with the high concentration lemon enzyme,the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ changed from 1.49±0.11 to 3.20±0.42 in the obese model group. CD4+Foxp3+ decreased significantly after lemon enzyme intervention.【Conclusion】Lemon enzyme can reduce weight induced by a high-fat diet and improve the poor immune state in obese mice. Therefore,lemon enzyme can be used as a weight loss health food in the adjuvant treatment of chronic diseases.

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