ZHAO Can, GAO Shenghua, ZHANG Lan. Investigation on the Method of Deriving Health Risk Advisory Value for Acute Exposure to Contaminants in Drinking Water in China[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2018, 8(1): 7-11. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2018.01.002

Citation: ZHAO Can, GAO Shenghua, ZHANG Lan. Investigation on the Method of Deriving Health Risk Advisory Value for Acute Exposure to Contaminants in Drinking Water in China[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2018, 8(1): 7-11. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2018.01.002

我國飲用水中污染物短期暴露健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)參考值推導(dǎo)方法研究

中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心環(huán)境與健康相關(guān)產(chǎn)品安全所

詳細(xì)信息

作者簡介:

趙燦, 主要從事飲水安全與健康研究

通訊作者:

張嵐, 研究員, 從事水質(zhì)安全監(jiān)測(cè)研究; Email:676360708@qq.com

聯(lián)系方式： 北京市西城區(qū)南緯路29號(hào)；郵編:100050; Email: zcan0111@163.com

中圖分類號(hào): R123

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Investigation on the Method of Deriving Health Risk Advisory Value for Acute Exposure to Contaminants in Drinking Water in China

摘要

目的

近年來我國接連發(fā)生的自來水停水事件嚴(yán)重影響城市供水安全，給公眾生活和社會(huì)秩序帶來了很大困擾。鑒于《生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB 5749-2006）中污染物限值確定的依據(jù)是基于終生暴露水平的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)，與污染事件應(yīng)急處置中常見的污染物短期暴露風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的評(píng)價(jià)角度不同，從而開展我國飲用水中污染物短期暴露健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的研究，確定健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)參考值的推導(dǎo)方法。

方法

飲用水短期暴露健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)參考值制定的主要步驟包括毒理數(shù)據(jù)的收集和篩選、分離點(diǎn)的確定、不確定系數(shù)的選擇和推導(dǎo)健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)參考值。

結(jié)果

飲用水污染物短期暴露健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)參考值的推導(dǎo)公式為${rm{HA}} = frac{{{rm{POD}} times {rm{BW}}}}{{{rm{UF}} times {rm{DWI}}}}$。

結(jié)論

本研究提出了飲用水中污染物短期暴露健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)參考值的制定方法，為完善我國飲用水中污染物健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)體系和污染物的短期健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估與飲用水污染事件應(yīng)急處置工作提供了技術(shù)支持。

Objectives

The occurrence of tap-water shutdown event, which was frequent in recent years in China, had serious impact on the safety of water supply, and had great trouble to public life and social order. In light of the limiting value of pollutants in the Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2006)was based on the assessment of health risk exposure to contaminants in drinking water in the lifetime, the point of view on assessing the health risk of acute exposure to contaminants in drinking water during emergent events was different. Thus, a research on the method of deriving a advisory value for the health risk of acute exposure to contaminants in drinking water was carried out.

Methods

Main steps of deriving advisory values for health risk in acute exposure to contaminants in drinking water included collection and selection of toxicological data, determination of departure points, selection of uncertainty factors and derivation of health risk advisory value.

Results

The health risk advisory value of acute exposure to contaminants in drinking water was derived from the following equation ${rm{HA}} = frac{{{rm{POD}} times {rm{BW}}}}{{{rm{UF}} times {rm{DWI}}}}$.

Conclusions

The method of deriving health risk advisory values for acute exposure to contaminants in drinking water was put forward in this study, which provided technical support in improving health risk assessment system for assessing health risk and emergent treatment of drinking water pollution events in China.

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圖  1   我國近5年來發(fā)生的部分飲用水污染事件

圖  2   短期暴露健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)參考值制定主要步驟

參考文獻(xiàn)(13)

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