首頁資訊孕期生活事件與妊娠壓力：心理健康的中介效應(yīng)和丈夫支持的調(diào)節(jié)作用

孕期生活事件與妊娠壓力：心理健康的中介效應(yīng)和丈夫支持的調(diào)節(jié)作用

來源：泰然健康網(wǎng) 時(shí)間：2024年11月21日 21:22

摘要： 用問卷調(diào)查法對(duì)上海市403名單胎、孕周在24～33周的孕婦進(jìn)行研究，探討懷孕過程中孕婦經(jīng)歷的生活事件和妊娠壓力的關(guān)系，以及孕婦的心理健康狀況和丈夫支持在其中所起的作用。結(jié)果表明：（1）懷孕計(jì)劃的主效應(yīng)顯著，孕齡的主效應(yīng)不顯著，懷孕計(jì)劃和孕齡的交互作用顯著；妊娠壓力在懷孕計(jì)劃上的主效應(yīng)顯著，意外懷孕的孕婦的妊娠壓力顯著高于計(jì)劃懷孕的孕婦的妊娠壓力；（2）懷孕過程中孕婦經(jīng)歷的生活事件與妊娠壓力呈顯著正相關(guān)，與孕婦的心理健康呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)；（3）孕婦的心理健康狀況在生活事件和妊娠壓力的關(guān)系中起部分中介效應(yīng)，即生活事件部分通過孕婦的心理健康狀況影響孕婦的妊娠壓力；而丈夫支持則對(duì)孕婦心理健康的中介效應(yīng)起調(diào)節(jié)作用，當(dāng)丈夫支持高時(shí)，心理健康狀況越好的孕婦，其妊娠壓力越低，心理健康狀況對(duì)孕婦妊娠壓力預(yù)測(cè)顯著；當(dāng)丈夫支持低時(shí)，心理健康狀況對(duì)妊娠壓力的預(yù)測(cè)不顯著。

關(guān)鍵詞: 心理健康, 妊娠壓力, 生活事件, 丈夫支持

Abstract: Pregnancy is not only a natural biological process, but also a complex and changeable period of emotion. Pregnant women are often influenced directly by life events during pregnancy. They usually face many big physiological and psychological changes which may affect their psychosomatic health and increase the risk of pregnancy complications. Moreover, pregnant women will experience enormous pressure. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating the relationship between life events and pregnancy stress of pregnant women by adding mediator and moderated mediator, which mental health status was considered as a mediator and husband support as a moderated mediator. A total of 403 pregnant women during their 24~33 weeks pregnancy were administrated to fill out basic information scale, life events questionnaire, pregnancy stress scale and the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale according to their actual situation. The results showed that: (1) the main effect of gestational age was not significant (F（6,774）=.88, p>.05) whereas the main effect of pregnant plans was significant (F（3,387）=3.07, p<.05). Moreover, gestational age combined with pregnant plans to affect pregnant women’s pregnancy pressure remarkably (F（6,774）=2.47, p<.05), especially in terms of pregnant women who was under 25-year-old; (2) life event was positively related to pregnancy stress and negatively related to mental health of pregnant women (r=.332 and -.252, p<.01); (3) the effect of life events on pregnancy was partially mediated by mental health status of pregnant women, that is, life events exercised an influence on pregnancy stress through mental health status. The proportion of the mediating effect was 11.92 percent. Moreover, husband support moderated the mediating effect which was caused by mental health status (β=-.117, p<.05); when the degree of husband support which was reported by pregnant women was high, mental health status significantly predicted pregnancy stress, that is to say, the mental health status was better, then the pregnancy stress was lower (β=-.479, p<.001); when the degree of husband support which was reported by pregnant women was low, the prediction of mental health status was not significant to pregnancy stress (β=-.071, p>.05). All in all, adjusting mental health status of pregnant women and providing them relevant social support were important to pregnant women, fetus, even families. Husbands, as expectant fathers, should pay attention to wives’ thoughts and feelings, care about their physical changes initiatively, encourage them to face with life events bravely and try to build favorable family atmosphere. All these will be good for pregnant women to have joyful and relaxed emotional experience. Accordingly, pregnant women can reduce pregnancy stress and confidently wait for the coming of a new life. The results also can let some child health care organization and gynecologists attach great importance to give suggestions and provide knowledge and any other beneficial help.

Key words: mental health, pregnancy stress, life event, husband support