摘要： 含硫氨基酸（sulfur-containing amino acids，SAA）主要包括蛋氨酸、半胱氨酸和胱氨酸，在食物中含量豐富，對人體代謝健康至關(guān)重要。本文首先總結(jié)不同SAA攝入量對機體代謝健康的影響，主要包括適量限制SAA攝入產(chǎn)生的降脂降糖、減少氧化應(yīng)激和延長壽命等益處，過量限制SAA攝入產(chǎn)生的生長遲緩、增加氧化應(yīng)激和降低骨量等害處，適量額外增加SAA攝入產(chǎn)生的促進蛋白質(zhì)合成、改善肝臟糖脂代謝和調(diào)節(jié)氧化還原穩(wěn)態(tài)的益處，過量額外增加SAA攝入產(chǎn)生的糖脂代謝紊亂、引起氧化應(yīng)激和增加心血管疾病風(fēng)險等害處。隨后綜述目前國內(nèi)外已報道的方法中采用酸水解法、氧化水解法、二硫蘇糖醇氧化水解法等樣品前處理方法以及衍生化間接分析法和分光光度分析法等測定方法對食物中SAA含量進行檢測，并分析這些樣品前處理方法和測定方法的優(yōu)缺點。最后分析SAA精準(zhǔn)營養(yǎng)的實現(xiàn)方法及應(yīng)用。通過了解SAA攝入量對機體代謝健康的影響及其檢測方法，有望為后續(xù)食物中SAA的檢測以及通過精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控人體SAA攝入量改善機體代謝健康相關(guān)的研究提供理論參考。

關(guān)鍵詞: 含硫氨基酸；蛋氨酸；半胱氨酸；代謝健康；檢測方法；精準(zhǔn)營養(yǎng)

Abstract: Sulfur-containing amino acids (SAA), primarily including methionine, cysteine and cystine, are abundant in foods and play important roles in maintaining metabolic health. This article begins with a summary of the effects of varying levels of SAA intake on metabolic health. It discusses the benefits associated with moderate SAA restriction, such as lipid- and glucose-lowering effects, mitigation of oxidative stress, and extension of lifespan. It also covers the detrimental effects of excessive SAA restriction, such as growth retardation, increased oxidative stress, and reduced bone mass. Additionally, it explores the benefits of moderate additional SAA intake, such as promoting protein synthesis, improving liver glucose and lipid metabolism, and regulating redox homeostasis. It highlights the detrimental effects of excessive additional SAA intake, such as glucose and lipid metabolic disorders, increased oxidative stress, and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Subsequently, this article reviews the sample pre-treatments (acid hydrolysis, oxidative hydrolysis, and dithiothreitol oxidative hydrolysis) and analytical methods (indirect analysis after derivatization and spectrophotometry) currently used to detect the SAA content in foods, with a discussion about their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the methods for achieving SAA precision nutrition and their applications are examined. This review is expected to provide theoretical references for SAA detection in foods and the improvement of metabolic health through precision regulation of dietary SAA intake.

Key words: sulfur-containing amino acids; methionine; cysteine; metabolic health; detection method; precision nutrition

中圖分類號: 

R151.2

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