題型：閱讀理解-七選五 難度：0.65 引用次數(shù)：109 題號：5677463

Health care is regarded as an important way to improve the health and well-being of people around the world. In many countries of the world, free health care is provided by the government.    1    

Clearly, we all have to pay for this service through our taxes.

    2    They say that people who lake unnecessary risks should not receive this free health care. For example, people who join in risky activities such as skiing are more likely to have an accident. It has been suggested that these people should pay for any medical treatment they require.

    3    Firmly, it’s difficult to say exactly what is risky and what is not. For example, not doing enough exercise is probably more risky than skiing in the long run. As a result, it isn’t fair to give free health care to an inactive person and make the skier pay.    4    Clearly, these people should receive free medical treatment if they are hurt on the job.

Finally, I would like to say that I think free health care is a good thing. I understand that the system is not perfectly fair because some people use it more than others. Besides, not all the medical treatment is really necessary for the health of the patient. The taxpayer should not have to pay the costs of such treatment.    5    

A．It offers plenty of money to run.B．Personally, I disagree with this point of view.C．However, some people think this is basically unjust.D．This means that everybody has a chance to see a doctor.E．Free health care will decrease the economy of the country.F．Besides, firefighters take risks, but they are necessary risks.G．However, in my opinion, this is in a small price to pay for a healthier society.

更新時(shí)間：2017/11/23 22:00:14 |

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閱讀理解-七選五(約240詞) | 適中 (0.65)

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文章大意：這是一篇說明文。主要說明了過去30年過敏更普遍，三分之一的人會受影響，一半患者是兒童。過敏是免疫系統(tǒng)對無害物質(zhì)的異常反應(yīng)。過敏反應(yīng)不一定首次接觸過敏原就發(fā)生，免疫系統(tǒng)還可能因抗生素而將精力指向無害物質(zhì)。研究致力于治過敏，患者或用藥控制癥狀、做測試避過敏原。

【推薦1】Allergies (過敏) have become more common over the last 30 years.     1     Half of these sufferers are children.

Allergy is a reaction that occurs when the immune system, which produces substances to help your body fight against infection and disease, has a strange and unnecessary reaction to a normally harmless substance, such as seafood or peanuts. To defend your body against an attacker, the immune system remembers these dangerous micro-organisms and attacks them if it meets them again.     2     The immune system of allergy sufferers makes antibodies (抗體) against harmless substances because it mistakenly believes them dangerous.

An allergic reaction may not happen the first time a sufferer meets an allergen (the substance causing the reaction).     3     What has happened is that the immune system has now decided the substance is dangerous and has made an allergy antibody. This leads to the signs of an allergy, such as swelling, rashes, sneezing, sore eyes, and breathlessness. Some people are born with the ability to make lots of allergy antibodies. They are more likely to develop allergies.

There may also be a link between allergies and antibiotics (抗生素). At one time, our immune systems were kept busy fighting off disease and trying to win the battle for health, but antibiotics have reduced our immune systems’ work.     4    

A good deal of research is being devoted to finding a cure for allergies.     5     They may also be offered tests to find out what substances cause an allergic reaction so that they can avoid contact with them in the future.

A．This work is done by antibodies.B．The most severe allergic reaction must be treated immediately.C．Sufferers may be given medicine to control the signs of illness.D．Now, one-third of us are affected by an allergy at some point in our lives.E．The antibody then attaches itself to cells, which contain certain chemicals.F．Thus spare energy may be directed to harmless substances such as strawberries.G．Sometimes, people can eat nuts for years and suddenly become allergic to them.

閱讀理解-閱讀單選(約640詞) | 適中 (0.65)

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【推薦2】It was like a bad sitcom: Everything Leo said, his wife Francie said the opposite. He went to the gym, he told me; not since Bush was President, she countered. They'd been going on like this since they entered the exam room. Today was my first time seeing them—and one of my first times seeing two patients at once.

As I was wrapping up, Francie stopped me. “Can we talk about his vision？” His eyesight was getting worse, she told me, particularly at night. True to form, Leo denied it—but when I probed further, he admitted that his vision wasn't what it used to be. Several times, Francie added，he'd also been in near accidents while driving at night.

The three of us worked out a driving plan where Leo could drive during the day for short distances, and Francie would drive him at night. While Leo had some objections to the agreement, Francie promised that he would follow it.

When both of them left that day, I couldn’t help thinking that Francie may have saved her husband's life.

The American Academy of Family Physicians estimates that around 10 percent of family physicians now give patients the option to share their appointments with people who have similar health issues. For doctors, the benefits are obvious: Shared appointments are efficient, allowing us to see more of our patients in a day. But shared appointments can be beneficial for patients, too, helping them to adopt healthy behaviors in a way that one-on-one visits don't.

A person's smoking, diet, and exercise habits can depend in large part on the habits of his friends, family, or coworkers. In a landmark study published in The New England Journal of Medicine in 2008, the Yale sociologist Nicholas Christakis found that when a spouse, friend, or sibling quit smoking, it decreased a person’s chances of smoking by 67 percent, 36 percent, and 25 percent, respectively. Other research has found similar positive social-network effects for things like medication adherence.

Much of health, in other words, is a shared experience. There are some conditions, like a cold or a sprained ankle, where doctors’ recommendations are simple and social support won’t make much of a difference. But as a primary-care doctor, I also treat chronic diseases like diabetes and high blood pressure. The knowledge required to manage these lifelong conditions can be overwhelming for some, and stress makes patients less likely to carry out the instructions that doctors give. Being around other people may help. In patients with heart failure and diabetes, for example, group visits may improve retention(記憶) of medical information by 10 to 30 percent. A study presented at the 2014 American College of Cardiology annual meeting, meanwhile, found that being married dramatically lowered one’s chance of heart disease, possibly because spouses helped reinforce medication adherence and exercise habits.

Despite these outcomes, it is easy to see why shared medical appointments aren’t more popular. They go against two principles that have defined medicine: the patient-doctor relationship and confidentiality.

One of my patients has been seeing me for months trying to quit smoking. Her previous primary-care doctor had prescribed everything from nicotine patches to gum to pills. Nothing worked. The reason: Her brother had moved in recently, and smoking together was the one thing they did together. Unless she could get her brother to stop smoking, she told me, it would be impossible for her to quit. I told her to bring her brother to her next appointment—and hopefully, I can convince them to find a new shared activity. As Leo and Francie have taught me, having someone else in the room could make all the difference.

1. Which of the following statements about Leo and Francie is TRUE?

A．They went to the doctor together because they shared similar mental issues.B．They went to see the doctor because Leo was hurt in an accident.C．Leo wasn't allowed to drive after the doctor's appointment.D．Leo noticed his vision problem before the doctor examined it.

2. Shared appointments with the doctor may be of help for ________.
① high blood pressure ② sprained ankle ③ cold ④ heart failure ⑤ diabetes

3. Which could be the title for the passage?

A．Shared activity is good for healthB．Two's company at the doctor's officeC．Being around others may help patientsD．What Leo and Francie have taught me

4. What is the writing purpose of the passage?

A．To show how family members help each other to improve health.B．To persuade people to have more shared activities with partners.C．To introduce the new practice of group doctor visits.D．To describe the great influence of having someone in the room.

閱讀理解-閱讀單選(約280詞) | 適中 (0.65)

文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了醫(yī)學(xué)模擬中心讓學(xué)生可以得到更多的鍛煉，積累更多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，讓病人面臨較少的危險(xiǎn)，同時(shí)訓(xùn)練結(jié)果也令人滿意。

【推薦3】The University of Miami’s newest hospital has a six-bed emergency room, operating room, a birthing room and outpatient clinics. The only thing missing is patients. Instead, nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerised mannequins (fake patients) and staff actors.

“Practising on real people can be a bit frightening environment, and as our patients become more knowledgeable, they tend to hesitate when a student walks in,” said Susana Barroso-Fernandez, who oversees UM’s simulation (模擬) program. “We created this environment to allow students to practise and make mistakes and never put a patient or student at risk.”

This hospital is part of a growing trend of colleges building simulation centres to provide real-life experience for students. The move towards simulation has increased as nursing programs have grown faster than hospitals’ capacity to accommodate these students.

A 2014 study found that colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any negative results. The students scored just as well on nursing license exams as those getting most of their experience in hospitals and healthcare centres.

There are major benefits of simulation, officials said. In addition to giving students a safe environment to practise, it also gives students experience with situations that are rare, but still important for them to know how to handle them.

The Simulation Hospital will also be used as a training place for people outside of UM, including hurricane training. “It’s not just about nursing education,” said Susan.

1. Which of the following best proves UM’s simulation program worked well?

A．Students performed as well.B．It offered students all clinical experience.C．Nursing programs have grown faster.D．The hospital will be used as a training place.

2. What does the underlined part “a growing trend” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Launching nursing programs.B．Building more healthcare centres.C．Improving hospitals’ capacity.D．Colleges building simulation centres.

3. What’s the function of Paragraph 4 for the whole passage?

A．To make the point more persuasive.B．To make the description more vivid.C．To make the program more appealing.D．To make the topic more interesting.

4. What might be the best title for the passage?

A．More Experience, Less RiskB．Safer Environment, More PatientsC．More Practice, Fewer MistakesD．Newest Hospital, Best Accommodation

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