Asthma has been suggested to be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), although the evidence supporting this relationship is inconclusive. This study aimed to explore the long-term associations between asthma and asthma exacerbations with the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as ischemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure (HF), and cerebral stroke, utilizing data from a nationwide cohort. This study utilized data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort database (2002–2015), including information on 111,316 asthma patients and an equal number of 1:1 matched control participants. A propensity score overlap-weighted Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the overlap-weighted hazard ratios (HRs) of asthma and exacerbated asthma for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) within this cohort. During the follow-up period, the incidence rate (IR) of IHD per 1000 person-years (PYs) was 7.82 in patients with asthma and 5.79 in controls. The IR of HF was 2.53 in asthmatic patients and 1.36 in controls. After adjustment for covariates, asthmatic patients exhibited 1.27-fold and 1.56-fold higher HRs for IHD (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23–1.37, P < 0.001) and HF (95% CI = 1.36–1.63, P < 0.001) than the controls, respectively. In addition, there was an increased HR for IHD and HF in the asthma exacerbation group compared with the nonexacerbated asthma group (adjusted HR, 1.29, 95% CI = 1.24–1.34, P < 0.001 for IHD and aHR 1.68, 95% CI = 1.58–1.79, P < 0.001 for HF). However, the occurrence of stroke was decreased in asthmatic patients compared with controls (aHR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93–0.99, P = 0.008). Adults with asthma are more likely to develop CVDs. Additionally, severe asthma exacerbations are significantly associated with an increased occurrence of CVDs.

中文翻譯：

哮喘與心血管疾病之間的關(guān)聯(lián)：利用全國健康篩查隊(duì)列進(jìn)行的縱向隨訪研究

哮喘被認(rèn)為是心血管疾病 (CVD) 的危險因素，盡管支持這種關(guān)系的證據(jù)尚無定論。本研究旨在利用全國隊(duì)列數(shù)據(jù)，探討哮喘和哮喘惡化與缺血性心臟病 (IHD)、心力衰竭 (HF) 和腦中風(fēng)等心血管疾病 (CVD) 發(fā)生之間的長期關(guān)聯(lián)。本研究利用韓國國民健康保險服務(wù)健康篩查隊(duì)列數(shù)據(jù)庫（2002-2015）的數(shù)據(jù)，包括 111,316 名哮喘患者和同等數(shù)量的 1:1 匹配對照參與者的信息。使用傾向評分重疊加權(quán)Cox比例風(fēng)險回歸模型來分析該隊(duì)列中哮喘和哮喘加重與心血管疾病（CVD）的重疊加權(quán)風(fēng)險比（HR）。在隨訪期間，哮喘患者每 1000 人年 (PY) 的 IHD 發(fā)病率 (IR) 為 7.82，對照組為 5.79。哮喘患者心衰的 IR 為 2.53，對照組為 1.36。調(diào)整協(xié)變量后，哮喘患者的 IHD（95% 置信區(qū)間 (CI) = 1.23–1.37，P < 0.001）和 HF（95% CI = 1.36–1.63，P < 0.001）HR 分別高出 1.27 倍和 1.56 倍）分別比控件。此外，與哮喘非惡化組相比，哮喘惡化組的 IHD 和 HF 的 HR 有所增加（調(diào)整后的 HR，1.29，95% CI = 1.24–1.34，IHD 和 aHR 1.68，95% CI = P < 0.001） 1.58–1.79，HF 時 P < 0.001）。然而，與對照組相比，哮喘患者中風(fēng)的發(fā)生率降低（aHR = 0.96，95% CI = 0.93–0.99，P = 0.008）。患有哮喘的成年人更有可能患上心血管疾病。 此外，嚴(yán)重的哮喘發(fā)作與心血管疾病發(fā)生率的增加顯著相關(guān)。

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