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words and expressions
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
tobacco un.煙草；煙葉
cigarette cn.香煙
cigar cn.雪茄煙
alcohol n.酒，酒精
alcohol abuse
alcohol-free beer
The workaholics among us would surely increase their time at the office.
酗酒
不含酒精的啤酒
n 工作狂
alcoholic adj. 酒精的 n. 酗酒者
workaholic
abuse
drug abuse
嗜毒
child abuse
虐童
ab + use → 偏離正軌地使用
verbal abuse
言語辱罵
The person who has authority is easy to abuse power, so we must strengthen the supervision restriction of power.
而有權(quán)力的人容易濫用權(quán)力，所以必須強化對權(quán)力的監(jiān)督制約。
abuse sb’s power/position/privilege to do sth.
濫用某人的權(quán)力/職位/特權(quán)做某事
physical/mental abuse
abuser n. 濫用者；施虐者
abusive adj. 辱罵的；濫用的；虐待的
生理/精神折磨
physical adj身體的,客觀存在的,物理學(xué)的
physical and mental health
身心健康
keep healthy mentally and physically
保持身心健康
physical laws
物理定律,自然法則
a physical disability
生理缺陷
physically adv.身體地,物理地
physics n. 物理學(xué)
physicist n.物理學(xué)家
dominate v.支配；控制；占有優(yōu)勢
He tended to dominate the conversation.
As a child he was dominated by his father.
他小時候由父親主宰一切。
be dominated by 被...所支配
dominant adj.占支配地位的；占優(yōu)勢的；顯性的
a dominant figure 主要人物
domination n.控制，統(tǒng)治
單句語法填空
1. The industry __________(dominate) by
three big companies.
2. __________(dominate) by his father, he has to do as his father says.
3.She was a _________ (dominate) figure in
the French film industry.
Dominated
is dominated
dominant
repeatedly adv.重復(fù)地
repeated adj.重復(fù)的
repeat v.重復(fù)
repetition n.重復(fù)
psychology n.心理學(xué),心理
psychological adj.心理學(xué)的
psychologically adv.心理學(xué)上,心理上
psychologist n.心理學(xué)家
cue v.提示，暗示=imply=indicate=suggest
n.暗示=hint=clue
a cue for / to do sth 一個...的信號/暗示
1.When she coughs, it's my cue to come onto the stage.
in response to回答;答復(fù)=in reaction/answer/reply to
make a response to 對...做出回應(yīng)
respond v.回答;回應(yīng)
respond to 回復(fù);回應(yīng)
=react to
1.How did they respond __________ the news
2.The product was developed in ________(respond) to customers’ demand.
response
to
reward
n．回報；獎勵；報酬
in reward (for...) 作為(對…的)回報
as a reward (for...) 作為(對…的)報酬/獎賞
give a reward to sb. for sth. 因某事而給某人獎勵
(2)vt. 獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬
reward sb.with sth.用某物獎勵某人
reward sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而獎勵某人
rewarding adj.值得做的;有益的;有意義的
單句語法填空
1.The old man gave the little boy a doll __ a reward for his help. ___ reward, the boy gave him a hug.
2.For me, studying Spanish has been a very _______ (reward) experience.
3.He rewarded the boy_____$10_____bringing
back the lost dog.
rewarding
as
In
with for
prize
reward
award
award sb sth
award sth to sb
rely on / upon
萬物靠太陽生長。
____________________________________________
All living things rely on the sun for their growth.
rely on sb to do 相信/依賴某人會做某事
rely on it that 指望
=depend on / count on
reliable adj 可信賴的；可靠的 (dependable)：
Tom is clever while Jack is honest and ______(rely).
Don’t rely on ___ that he will come to help us.
it
reliable
facilitate v. 促進，使便利
facilitate communication
facilitator n. 推動者
facility n. 設(shè)施，功能
方便聯(lián)系 ; 促進溝通
合作是一種有效促進資源共享的方式。
Cooperation is an effective way to facilitate the sharing of resources.
examine vt. (仔細(xì))檢查；審查；測驗
examination/exam cn.考試; 檢查;
examiner cn.考官
1. a physical examination
2. the college/university entrance examination
高考；大學(xué)入學(xué)考試
體檢
negative消極的，陰性
positive 積極的，陽性
escalator
cn.自動扶梯；滾梯
lift/elevator
cn.電梯/升降機
straight away 立刻/馬上
right now
at once
immediately
right away
in no time
無論什么時候我需要幫助, 他們都會立馬來幫助我。
Whenever I need help, they will come to my assistance straight away .
is so pessimistic about
pessimistic adj.悲觀的
pessimist cn.悲觀主義者
pessimism n.悲觀, 悲觀主義
optimistic adj.樂觀的
optimist cn.樂觀者; 樂觀主義者
optimism n.樂觀主義
be pessimistic/optimistic/positive about
對...持悲觀/積極態(tài)度
discipline n
[U] 訓(xùn)練；管教；紀(jì)律：
The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
The book gives parents advice on discipline.
[C] 訓(xùn)練辦法：
Learning poetry is a good discipline for the memory.
[U] 自制力：
Studying at home requires a good deal of discipline.
vt
懲罰；處罰：
The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed.
訓(xùn)練；訓(xùn)導(dǎo)；管教：
a guide to the best ways of disciplining your child
自我控制；嚴(yán)格要求（自己）：
He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.
disciplined adj 遵守紀(jì)律的：
a disciplined army / team
名詞動詞化
pill tablet
delete v. 刪除
deletion n. 刪除
Your name has been deleted from the list.
decide vt.& vi.決定，下決心
①decide on (doing) sth. 決定/選定(做某事)
= decide to do sth.
= make a decision (to do)
②decide against (doing sth.) 決定不要(做某事)
=decide not to do sth.
determine to do sth.
1.It is not the vase I deicided on.
2.The party decides on ________(employ) a popular singer as the host.
=The party decides ________(employ) a popular singer as the host.
employing
to employ
decision cn.決定
read one’s mind 讀懂/看出某人的心思
keep/bear/have sth. in mind 記住某事
change one’s mind 改變主意
e into one’s mind 某事進入某人的腦海
make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定決心做某事
be determined to do sth.
1.萬千思緒涌上我心頭。
Thousands of confused thoughts came into my mind.
2.她對我笑好像她猜透了我的心事似的。
She smiled at me as if she had read my mind.
3.記住，博物館不能拍照，不能吃東西、喝飲料。
You should keep in mind that no photos or food and drink are allowed in the museum.
keep (it) in mind that
compose v.組成；作曲;撰寫
A be composed of B, C and D A由B、C和D組成
=A be comprised of B, C and D/A comprise B
=A be made up of B, C and D
=A consist of B, C and D
1.Ten men compose the committee.
=The committee is composed of ten men.
2.5班由62個學(xué)生組成。
Class 5 is composed of 62 students.
62 students compose Class 5.
composer
n.作曲家
composition
n.組成；構(gòu)成；創(chuàng)作；作品
surgeon外科醫(yī)生
surgery外科手術(shù)
physician cn.內(nèi)科醫(yī)生
dentist cn.牙醫(yī)
doctor cn.醫(yī)生;博士
liberation
liberation from poverty
People’s Liberation Army(PLA)
n.解放;擺脫
liberate vt.解放;使自由
a war of liberation
Writing poetry liberated her ____ the routine of everyday.
liberate sb. from...
使自由,使sb 擺脫...約束/限制
shave v./n.剃（須發(fā)）;刮臉
2.Charles decided to shave off his beard with a shaver.
1. He looked as if he needed a shave.
n.胡須；絡(luò)腮胡子
n.剃須刀
moustache [m 'stɑ ] n. 小胡子；八字須
shaved- shaved/shaven
a shaved/shaven head
剃光的頭
shaven adj. 剃光的,刮干凈的
clean-shaven adj. 胡子刮干凈的
unshaven adj. 未刮臉的,未剃須的
disturb vt.
=bother=interrupt
be disturbed by 被……打擾
___ disturbed her to realize that she was alone.
令某人不安的是...
disturbing adj.感到不安的
disturbed adj.令人不安的,引起恐慌的
disturbance n.打擾
1.I’m sorry to disturb you,but...
2.Don’t disturb the papers on my desk.
3.The letter shocked and disturbed me.
打擾;干擾;使中斷
攪亂,弄亂
使不安,使煩惱
It
1.(2020全國新高考Ⅰ,完形填空) When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __________(disturb) happening around his home.
2.Neighbors should do all they can to avoid ___________ other people， but there are times when some level of _______________(disturb) is unavoidable.
3.He felt __________(disturb) when he heard his mother was ill.
disturbing
disturbance
disturbed
disturbing
consultant
assistant/participant/applicant/
accountant/servant/immigrant
n. 顧問;高級顧問醫(yī)師
consult (with) sb.with/on sth
與某人商量
① vt.咨詢,請教
consult sb. about sth.
就某事向某人咨詢
② vt/vi.商量,商議
③ vt.查閱,查看
consult
consult a dictionary 查閱字典
consultation n. 咨詢; 磋商;診
單句語法填空
(1)If you have any trouble, you can consult ______ your friend Tom.
(2)You can consult Mr Wu _______ your health because he is a well-known doctor.
(3)We invite Dr. Li as our _______ (consult) in the next five years.
(4)You can turn to Mr Green for ____________ (consult) if you want to solve this problem.
with
about/on
consultant
consultation
skip
vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;跳繩
vt.跳過；不參加；悄悄溜走
n.蹦跳
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義
1. She skipped happily along beside me. ____
2. They were skipping in the playground. _____
3. I often skip breakfast altogether. ________
4.We used to skip school together and we got caught. ________
5.You can skip the next chapter if you have covered the topic in the class. _____
蹦蹦跳跳地走
跳繩
不吃早飯
逃學(xué)
跳過
skipped, skipping
skip class
skip a year/grade 跳級
skip rope
stimulate
此外,這些活動可以刺激他們的想象力和對計算機科學(xué)的興趣
Moreover, these activities can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science.
vt. 激發(fā)；促進; 刺激
stimulate the consumption/economy
刺激消費/經(jīng)濟
stimulate one’s interest/curiosity
激發(fā)某人的興趣/好奇心
stimulating adj. 激動人心的，振奮的
stimulation n. 刺激
= inspiring
skateboard bowling
[ ske t b d]
n.滑板
vi.滑滑板
[ b l ]
n.保齡球運動
dynamic
He seemed a dynamic and energetic leader.
[da n m k]
adj.充滿活力的；精力充沛的；動態(tài)的
get/feel/be stressed out
I was all stressed out about this new job,so I decided to go hiking on weekends for relaxation.
adj.緊張的；焦慮的
stress n.壓力　vt.強調(diào)
　 　 adj.緊張的,感到有壓力的
　　 　 adj.壓力重的;壓力大的
under stress在壓力之下
put stress on ... 讓…承受壓力
lay/place stress on 強調(diào)……
stress the importance of 強調(diào)……的重要性
stressed
stressful
單句語法填空
1.Mary is beginning to get ________(stress) because of her ________ (stress) job.
2. My parents place great stress ____ honesty.
3. People ______________a lot of stress may experience headaches.
stressed
stressful
on
under
be/feel worn out
I never expected the shoes to be worn out so soon.
Playing was fun,but I felt even more worn out afterwards.
adj.①破損的 ②筋疲力盡的;疲憊的
wear sb. out 使某人筋疲力盡
monthly adv. 每月adj. 每月一次的 n. 月刊
n. + -ly → adj.
daily 每天的
weekly 每周的
monthly 每月的
yearly 每年的
lovely 可愛的
timely 及時的
motherly 母親般的
brotherly 兄弟般的
friendly 友好的
enhance / n hɑ ns; NAmE - h ns/vt.提高；增強；増進
為了提高學(xué)生對中國文化的興趣，我校將于6月1日上午10點舉辦中國畫展。
After drinking a cup of hot tea,I got refreshed soon.
refresh vt.使恢復(fù)精力;使涼爽;刷新
refresh oneself 恢復(fù)精力
refresh one’s memory 喚起某人的回憶
　　　　　 adj.神清氣爽的
　　　　　 adj.提神的；令人耳目一新的
refreshed
refreshing
[單句語法填空]
1.After a day's tiring work, the manager prefers taking a walk along the river bank to refresh ________ (he)．
2.Whenever he worked until midnight, he would drink a cup of tea to get ________ (refresh)．
himself
refreshed
absorb vt.吸引全部注意力; 吸收
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
absorb oneself in...專心于/全神貫注于……
absorb... from...從……中吸收……
absorbed adj.全神貫注的
be absorbed in...=absorb oneself in...
全神貫注于……
單句語法填空
1. These kids are so absorbed _______ their studies that I just sit back.
2. We both became ________(absorb)in the simplicity of playing together.
3. As he was absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
→______ ________painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
4. 事實上,大多數(shù)人只理解說話人傳達出的大約20%的信息。
In fact, most people only ____ _____ ___ _____ of a speaker's message.
5.【翻譯】 It takes sunscream about fifteen minutes to start working, and that is plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day‘s worth vitamin D.
防曬霜開始起作用大約需要15分鐘，那段時間足夠你的皮膚吸收一天所需的維生素D.
absorb about 20 percent
absorbed
in
Absorbed in
Build up your vocabulary
1.Complete the summary using the words from the box.
alcohol appropriate cue cycle negative
pill psychology reward tobacco discipline
Teenagers often have bad habits. Most can be stopped by taking ______________ action. However, habits like _____________ and ______________ abuse can lead to serious addictions. According to modern __________, to change bad habits, we must first analyse them using the “habit ______ ”. To fix or improve a bad habit, we must first find out what the ____ is. Then we must change the old ________ routine to something more positive. If successful, we will feel a sense of ________ and our bad habit may disappear. Changing a bad habit is difficult and it is easy to make excuses and give up. We need to make up our minds and show some _________, and make small changes over time. There is no magic ____ to help us, but changing will ensure we have a happy and healthy life!
appropriate
tobacco/alcohol
alcohol/tobacco
psychology
cycle
cue
negative
reward
pill
discipline
Practice
form a habit __________________________________
change a habit _____________________________________________
____ ______ _______________________________________________
________ __ _________________________________
_____________ _______________________________________________
__________ _______________________________________________
We often form a habit without realising it.
The expert gave us some tips on how to change bad habits.
prevent a habit
Of course，it is better to prevent a bad habit than break one!
recognise a habit
To recognise a bad habit is the first step.
examine a habit
By examining our habits closely，we can start to understand them.
break a habit
Be disciplined and don’t give up trying to break your bad habit!
2.Find “verb + a habit” collocations from the previous text. Then make sentences with them.
More sentences with the phrases.
form a habit ____________________________________
change a habit ____________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
It is good to form a habit of reading an English article every day.
I would like to change my habit of eating too much junk food.
To prevent such a harmful habit is essential.
prevent a habit
recognise a habit
create a habit
break a habit
If we don’t recognise a bad habit early, it will do harm to us.
How to create a good habit is worthy of our consideration.
I’m trying to break the habit of staying up too late.
verb +a habit
認(rèn)知
習(xí)慣
養(yǎng)成
習(xí)慣
改變
習(xí)慣
防止
習(xí)慣
recognise a habit
understand a habit
learn about a habit
examine a habit
think about a habit
form a habit
create a habit
build a habit
change a habit
adapt a habit
replace a habit
break a habit
prevent a habit
A summary for the expressions.
3.Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box. Add more sentences or paragraphs to the passage if possible.
Simply speaking, a healthy lifestyle is about finding the right balance and making good choices. Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on. If one element ____________ your life and the others are ignored, you will lose balance and not feel good.
Carefully _________ your daily activities. Your health _________ what you choose to do in your daily life. A healthy lifestyle is generally a balanced life in which you make wise choices. Neither too much nor too little is good.
Slowly ___________ changes in your lifestyle by using a step-by-step process. You do not have to change everything at once. Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier.
examine dominate facilitate rely on
dominates
examine
relies on
facilitate
Summarize the main idea of each paragraph
for the structure.
Paragraph 1: What is a healthy lifestyle
Paragraph 2: It's important to balance the elements in life.
Paragraph 3: Suggestions on how to build a healthy lifestyle.
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph ...
Deduction Structure（總分結(jié)構(gòu)）

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