The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.

Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "

For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.

A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.

These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.

"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.

7. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?

A. Positive effects of doing exercises.

B. Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.

C. Experimental studies on diseases.

D. Advantages of sporty woman over man

8. Why did the researchers ask the woman to do bicycle exercise?

A. To predict their maximum heart rate.

B. To assess their cardiovascular capacity

C. To change their habits of working out

D. To detect their potential health problems

9. What do we know about Dr Horder's study?

A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.

B. Data collection was a lengthy process.

C. Some participants withdrew from it.

D. The results were far from satisfactory.

10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia

B. Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise

C. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia

D. Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness

譯文：有規(guī)律的鍛煉的好處已經(jīng)有很好的記錄下來了，但現(xiàn)在又有一項新的好處要增加了。新的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，身體健康的中年女性在晚年患癡呆癥的可能性要低近90%，而且她們患癡呆癥的時間比不愛運動的女性晚10年。

瑞典哥德堡大學的首席研究員海倫娜·霍德博士說:“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮，因為改善中年人的心血管健康有可能延緩甚至防止他們患上癡呆癥?！?

在這項研究中，191名平均年齡為50歲的女性進行了自行車運動測試，直到她們精疲力竭，以測量她們的心血管容量峰值(最大值的)。平均峰值工作負載為103瓦。

共有40名女性達到了高健康水平的標準，即120瓦或更高。共有92名婦女屬于中等健康類別;59名女性屬于低健康類別，即峰值工作量不超過80瓦，或因高血壓、胸痛或其他心血管問題而停止運動測試。

在接下來的40年里，這些女性接受了6次癡呆癥測試。在此期間，44名女性患上了癡呆癥。高度健康的女性中有5%患上了癡呆癥，相比之下，中等健康的女性中有25%患上了癡呆癥，低健康的女性中有32%患上了癡呆癥。

“然而，這項研究并沒有顯示心血管健康和癡呆之間的因果關(guān)系，它只顯示了一種關(guān)聯(lián)。我們還需要進行更多的研究，以確定提高健康水平是否會對癡呆癥的風險產(chǎn)生積極影響，并觀察一生中什么時候高健康水平是最重要的?！彼€承認，研究的女性數(shù)量相對較少，她們都來自瑞典，所以研究結(jié)果可能不適用于其他群體。

7. 第一段中提到的不斷增長的清單上有什么?

A.鍛煉的積極作用。

B.適合中年人的運動。

C.疾病的實驗研究。

D.女人比男人有運動的優(yōu)勢

8. 為什么研究人員讓這位婦女騎自行車鍛煉?

A.預(yù)測他們的最大心率。

B.評估他們的心血管能力

C.改變他們的鍛煉習慣

D.發(fā)現(xiàn)他們潛在的健康問題

9. 我們對霍德博士的研究了解多少?

A.它的目標是找到治療癡呆癥的方法。

B.數(shù)據(jù)收集是一個漫長的過程。

C.一些與會者退出了會議。

D.結(jié)果遠遠不能令人滿意。

10. 下列哪一個是本文的最佳標題?

A.越來越多的女性通過鍛煉來預(yù)防癡呆癥

B.中年婦女需要多運動

C.健康的女性不太可能患癡呆

D.騎車改善女性心血管健康

【答案】7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了經(jīng)常鍛煉的中年女性在老年時罹患失智癥的幾率會大大降低。

【7題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智癥） in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.”（新的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，身體健康的中年女性在晚年患癡呆癥的可能性要低近90%，而且確實如此，與不太喜歡運動的女性相比，她們患癡呆癥的時間要晚十年。）可知，第一段提到了健身鍛煉的好處。故選A項。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文“These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia.”（這些發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮，因為在中年時改善人們的心血管健康可能會延緩甚至防止他們患上癡呆癥。）以及本段“For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity.”（在這項研究中，191名平均年齡為50歲的女性進行了自行車運動測試，直到她們精疲力竭，以測量她們的心血管峰值能力。）可知，做這項實驗的目的是為了測試女性的心血管峰值能力。故選B項。

【9題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades.”（這些女性在隨后的四十年里測試了六次失智癥狀況。）可知，此次實驗的數(shù)據(jù)收集是一個長期的過程。故選B項。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智癥） in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.”（新的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，身體健康的中年女性在晚年患癡呆癥的可能性要低近90%，而且確實如此，與不太喜歡運動的女性相比，她們患癡呆癥的時間要晚十年。）以及文章后面幾段通過列舉實驗?zāi)康?、過程、方式、結(jié)果等，說明了身體健康的中年女性在老年時患失智癥的幾率會大大降低。故選C項。

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