真題呈現(xiàn)

C

【1】Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.

【2】Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接觸) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

【3】Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.

【4】However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.

【5】As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.

28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?

A. They must run long distances.

B. They are qualified for the marathon.

C. They have to follow special rules.

D. They are good at swinging their legs.

29. What advantage does race walking have over running?

A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.

B. It’s less challenging physically.

C. It’s more effective in body building.

D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.

30 What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?

A. Getting experts’ opinions.

B. Having a medical checkup.

C. Hiring an experienced coach.

D. Doing regular exercises.

31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?

A. Skeptical.

B. Objective.

C. Tolerant.

D. Conservative.

答案及解析

本文為說明文，介紹競(jìng)走這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，人與自我——健康的生活方式。文章將競(jìng)走與跑步進(jìn)行比較，主要介紹了競(jìng)走的基本動(dòng)作要領(lǐng)、對(duì)競(jìng)走者的體能要求及身體的沖擊力，并給想要嘗試競(jìng)走的人提出了建議。

28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?

為什么競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)員是受條件的限制的？

A. They must run long distances.

他們必須跑很長(zhǎng)的距離。

B. They are qualified for the marathon.

他們有資格參加馬拉松比賽。

C. They have to follow special rules.

他們必須遵守特殊規(guī)則。

D. They are good at swinging their legs.

他們擅長(zhǎng)擺動(dòng)他們的腿。

細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)題干中的conditioned athletes可定位到文中第二段But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接觸) with the ground at all times（這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)要求運(yùn)動(dòng)員擺腿時(shí)不能彎曲膝蓋，同時(shí)比賽過程中要保持一只腳不能離地）。說明競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)員時(shí)要遵守該比賽的這些特殊規(guī)則的。所以答案為C。

29. What advantage does race walking have over running?

競(jìng)走比跑步有什么優(yōu)勢(shì)？

A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.

它在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上更受歡迎。

B. It’s less challenging physically.

身體上沒那么有挑戰(zhàn)性。

C. It’s more effective in body building.

它在健身方面更有效。

D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.

它不太可能導(dǎo)致膝蓋受傷。

細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)題干中的advantage以及over running鎖定However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says（然而，諾伯格博士說，競(jìng)走對(duì)身體的沖擊沒有跑步大）。因此答案為D.

30 What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?

諾伯格博士對(duì)嘗試競(jìng)走的人有什么建議？

A. Getting experts’ opinions.

征求專家的意見。

B. Having a medical checkup.

進(jìn)行體檢。

C. Hiring an experienced coach.

雇傭一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教練。

D. Doing regular exercises.

定期鍛煉。

A細(xì)節(jié)理解題，題干中的someone trying race walking與本文In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. （她說，事實(shí)上，任何想嘗試競(jìng)走的人都應(yīng)該先咨詢教練或有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，學(xué)習(xí)正確的技術(shù)。這需要一些練習(xí)）對(duì)應(yīng)。此句中consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique意思是咨詢教練或者有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員以學(xué)習(xí)一些恰當(dāng)?shù)募记?。所以此題選擇A選項(xiàng)。

31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?

哪個(gè)詞最能描述作者對(duì)競(jìng)走的態(tài)度？

A. Skeptical. 懷疑的。

B. Objective. 可觀的。

C. Tolerant. 包容的。

D. Conservative. 保守的。

態(tài)度判斷題，做題時(shí)要從全文的理解。作者在本文第一段表明了競(jìng)走是一項(xiàng)對(duì)我們健康有利且不會(huì)對(duì)身體造成傷害的非常好的運(yùn)動(dòng)，但競(jìng)走也有它的需要注意的問題。在后面的行文中，作者提及了對(duì)競(jìng)走的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，因此作者的態(tài)度客觀理性，故選B。

詞匯注解

1. fitness benefits 健身益處

2. contribute to 導(dǎo)致

3. conditioned athletes 受限制的運(yùn)動(dòng)員

4. field event 田徑賽事

5. leg swing 擺腿

6. remain in contact with 保持接觸

7. physically demanding 對(duì)身體要求高的

8. pound the body 對(duì)身體造成沖擊

9. place considerable stress on 施以相當(dāng)大的壓力

10. consult a coach 咨詢教練

11.calculation n. 計(jì)算；估算

12.approximately adv. 大約；近似于

13.most likely很大可能

14.assistant adj.助理的，副的

15.adopt v.采取，采用

真題譯文

研究表明，競(jìng)走和跑步一樣有很多健身的好處，而且很可能減少受傷。不過，它也有自己的問題。

競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)員是受條件限制的。夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)最長(zhǎng)的田徑項(xiàng)目是50公里競(jìng)走，比馬拉松大約長(zhǎng)5英里。但是這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)則要求競(jìng)走者的膝蓋在大部分的腿部擺動(dòng)中保持筆直，并且一只腳始終保持與地面接觸。不過，馬薩諸塞州塞勒姆州立大學(xué)(Salem State University)運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)助理教授賈克琳諾伯格(Jaclyn Norberg)說，正是這種奇怪的形式讓競(jìng)走成為一項(xiàng)如此吸引人的活動(dòng)。

她說，像跑步一樣，競(jìng)走對(duì)身體要求很高。根據(jù)大多數(shù)計(jì)算，以每小時(shí)6英里的速度運(yùn)動(dòng)的競(jìng)走者將消耗大約800卡路里每小時(shí)，這大約是步行消耗的兩倍，盡管比跑步少，跑步每小時(shí)可能消耗大約1000或更多的卡路里。

然而，諾伯格博士說，競(jìng)走對(duì)身體的沖擊沒有跑步大。根據(jù)她的研究，跑步者每一步落地的重量是他們體重的四倍，而不離開地面的競(jìng)走者每一步只能產(chǎn)生大約1.4倍的體重。

因此，她說，一些與跑步相關(guān)的損傷，如跑步者的膝蓋，在競(jìng)走者中并不常見。但是這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)奇怪的形式確實(shí)給腳踝和臀部帶來(lái)了相當(dāng)大的壓力，所以有過這種損傷史的人在采用這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)可能要小心。她說，事實(shí)上，任何想嘗試競(jìng)走的人都應(yīng)該先咨詢教練或有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，學(xué)習(xí)正確的技術(shù)。這需要一些練習(xí)。

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